Synthesis of peptides consisting of essential amino acids by a reactor system using three proteinases and an organic solvent.

tion mechanisms are different.X) So peptization of free branched-chain amino acids, which are used to treat cirrhosis of the liver, might make this treatment more effective. Peptides can be also used as food supplements because their solubility and functions are different from those of proteins. Peptides in solution result in a lower osmotic pressure than the free amino acids with which they are constructed. Again, peptization helps nutritional substances to be absorbed via the intestines during illness. Useful peptides are synthesized by chemical methods, enzymatic methods using proteinases, and genetic engineering. Chemical methods are usually used for the syntheses of oligopeptides. However, enzymatic methods2) have some merits over chemical ones. Enzymatic methods can be done under mild conditions. A racemic mixture can be used as the substrate because proteinases have strict selectivity; there must be an L-amino acid at least one side of the cleavage site. Nonetheless, a few enzymatic methods are used for the commercial production of peptides. The 3331